inetd and SMF

The internet daemon, , listens on ports for network service requests. When a request arrives it starts the appropriate service. Before Solaris 10 services under control of inetd were configured using the  /etc/inet/inetd.conf file.
In Solaris 10inetd still has the same function, but network services are now configured using SMF (see SMF components).


Runninig inetconv will convert all inetd.conf services to SMF services and enable them. When Solaris 10 boots for the first time it will run inetconv -e.This options does not convert services to SMF, but only enables inetd.conf services that already exist in SMF.

In the SMF manifest files for network services, you can see that SMF delegates management to inetd. Here are some lines from /var/svc/manifest/network/ftp.xml (S10u7):

       <restarter>
                <service_fmri value='svc:/network/inetd:default' />
      </restarter>

inetadm will list all services under inetd control. It has options that allow you to do things similar to svcadm and svccfg.

Service Management Facility (SMF) components

In SMF, service instances are identified by a Fault Management Resource Indicator. The structure of an FMRI is <prefix>:/<class>/<service>:<instance>Example: svc:/system/cron:default
Prefixes:

• svc: SMF managed services
• lrc: legacy run command, pre Solaris 10 style services
• file: for expressing dependencies on files

Commands

• svcs: services information.
  • svcs [FMRI|pattern]: list services, pattern can be a part of an FMRI and can include wildcards (example: “*nfs*”)
    • -a: all - include disabled services
    • -d: dependencies - show services this service depends upon
    • -D: dependents - show services that depend on this service
    • -xv: which services are in maintenance mode (not running) and why (v = verbose)
    • -p: list associated processes
• svcprop <FMRI>: list service properties
  • -p <[group/]property> : list only these properties

    # svcprop –p start/exec cron
/lib/svc/method/svc-cron

• svcadm: Service administration (management)
  
  • svcadm enable <FMRI>: start (and monitor)
    
    • -t: temporary - the service will not be restarted after reboot
  • svcadm disable <FMRI>: stop
    
    • -t: temporary - the service will still be restarted on reboot
  • svcadm restart: stop, then start
  • svcadm refresh: reread configuration (after svccfg)
  • svcadm clear: clear maintenance mode, ask the service monitor to start a service after an error condition is resolved
  • svcadm milestone FMRI: go to milestone (does not change run level)
    
    • -d: set milestone as default target for system boots (initial default: all)
• svccfg: service configuration
  • svccfg import <file>: import an xml service manifest in the binary service repository
  • svccfg export <FMRI>: write an xml service manifest to standard output
  • svccfg delete <FMRI>: remove a service definition from the binary service reporitory
  • svccfg extract > site.xml: extract current services state (enabled/disabled…) to a file
  • svccfg apply <file>: apply state (enabled/disabled…) of services in file
  • svccfg –s <FMRI> setprop <some/property> = value: set property
  • svccfg: interactive mode

    # svccfg
svc:> list
system/console-login
system/device/local
…
svc:> select cron
svc:/system/cron> listprop *
usr dependency start/user astring root
…
svc:/system/cron> setprop start/user = astring: sys
svc:/system/cron> quit
    

• /usr/svc/bin/restore_repository: restore (corrupt) binary repository from automatic backup

Daemons

• /lib/svc/bin/svc.configd: performs the actions scheduled by configuration commands like svccfg
• /lib/svc/bin/svc.startd: monitors and restarts services

Files

• /var/svc/manifest/<class>/<service>.xml: manifest for <service> of <class>
  
  • example: /var/svc/manifest/system/cron.xml
  • stores service definition
  • managed using SMF commands
• /var/svc/profile/<profile>.xml: predefined service (enabled/disabled…) configurations.
  Profiles automatically applied after OS install/upgrade:
  • generic.xml: OS profile
  • site.xml: site specific profile
• /etc/svc/repository.db: binary service repository
• /lib/svc/method: directory with start, stop, restart scripts. Manifests refer to these scripts
  
  • example: /lib/svc/method/svc-cron
  • scripts are similar to legacy /etc/init.d scripts
• /var/svc/log/<class>-<service>:<instance>.log
  
  • per <service> <instance> log
  • example: /var/svc/log/system-cron:default.log
• /etc/svc/volatile/class>-<service>:<instance>.log
  • logs before the single user milestone is reached '(only root mounted)
  • example: /etc/svc/volatile/system-zones:default.log

GUI

• smc
• webmin

Links

• inetd and SMF
• Bigadmin: SMF Service developer introduction.
• SMF manifest cheat sheet
• OpenSolaris SMF FAQ